Star Formation

Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in space collapse under their own gravity to form stars. This process typically occurs over millions of years and involves several stages, starting from the accumulation of gas and dust into clumps, which then become increasingly dense and hot. As the material in these clumps condenses, it forms a protostar, which is the early stage of star development. Eventually, the protostar continues to gain mass and generates enough pressure and temperature in its core to initiate nuclear fusion, leading to the birth of a new star. Star formation plays a critical role in the evolution of galaxies and the chemical enrichment of the universe, as newly formed stars create and spread heavier elements through processes such as supernova explosions.