Microbiology

Microbiology is the scientific discipline that focuses on the study of microorganisms, which are tiny, often unicellular organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This field encompasses a variety of life forms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and algae. Microbiology explores their biology, physiology, genetics, ecology, and interactions with other organisms and the environment. It plays a critical role in many areas, including medicine (understanding diseases and developing antibiotics), agriculture (enhancing soil fertility and plant health), food science (fermentation and preservation), and environmental science (bioremediation and ecosystem health). By studying microorganisms, microbiologists can uncover fundamental biological processes and develop applications that benefit human health, food production, and environmental sustainability.