Evolution

Evolution is the process through which populations of organisms change over time through variations in their genetic makeup. These changes can lead to adaptations that enhance survival and reproduction in a given environment. Evolution is a fundamental concept in biology, explaining the diversity of life on Earth. It is driven by mechanisms such as natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow. Natural selection acts on existing variations within a population, favoring traits that improve an organism’s chances of survival and reproduction, thereby increasing their prevalence in subsequent generations. Over long periods, this process can result in the emergence of new species and significant changes in the characteristics of organisms. Evolution emphasizes the interconnectedness of life and the common ancestry of all living organisms.